Low-latitude ionosphericDregion dependence on solar zenith angle

Parameterizing the Dependence of Surface Albedo on Solar Zenith Angle Using Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Observations

This study evaluates the parameterization of the dependence of surface albedo on solar zenith angle (SZA) over snow-free land surface used by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Forecast Systems (GFS) and those derived from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer satellite observations as described in two recent studies. The influence of cloud cover on surface alb...

On the Choice of Average Solar Zenith Angle

Idealized climate modeling studies often choose to neglect spatiotemporal variations in solar radiation, but doing so comes with an important decision about how to average solar radiation in space and time. Since both clear-sky and cloud albedo are increasing functions of the solar zenith angle, one can choose an absorptionweighted zenith angle that reproduces the spatialor time-mean absorbed s...

Modeling solar zenith angle effects on the polar wind

[1] We use the Polar Wind Outflow Model (PWOM) to study the geomagnetically quiet conditions in the polar cap during solar maximum. The PWOM solves the gyrotropic transport equations for O, H, and He along several magnetic field lines in the polar region in order to reconstruct the full 3D solution. We directly compare our simulation results to the data based empirical model of Kitamura et al. ...

Improving the solar zenith angle dependence of broadband UV radiometers calibration

Zenith Angle and Depth Dependence of Cosmic Ray Muons